The real estate market has witnessed a significant growth in the prefabricated houses sector. However, these homes still represent a minority fraction compared to conventional constructions. In this article, we will explore what prefabricated houses are, the different types available, and the essential aspects to consider before deciding to acquire one.
Defining Prefabricated Houses
Unlike homes traditionally built on-site, prefabricated houses are largely produced in factories and then transported in pieces or almost complete to their final location, where they are assembled definitively. Prefabrication in a controlled industrial environment offers several advantages, such as error minimization, less material waste, and a better guarantee of insulation and energy efficiency. This approach is also supported by industry experts seeking to “decarbonize” housing construction, responsible for 40% of pollutant emissions.
Types of Prefabricated Houses
Prefabricated houses are mainly differentiated into two main categories: the so-called 2D houses and 3D houses.
- 2D prefabricated houses are constructed with two-dimensional structural elements, such as panels, assembled on-site, requiring additional work similar to conventional construction.
- In contrast, modular houses, also known as 3D prefabrication, are produced in three-dimensional modules that, combined or independent, form the final structure of the house. It can be said that this type of prefabricated house leaves the factory 95% complete.
Key Materials in Construction
Prefabricated houses are primarily built with three materials: wood, concrete, and steel. Wood stands out for its eco-friendliness and provides a warmer environment, while concrete has excellent thermal inertia properties. Steel is mainly reserved for internal structures and frames of specific elements.
Advantages and Challenges of Prefabricated Houses
If you’re considering building a prefabricated house, you should know that construction timelines are significantly reduced compared to conventional homes, often taking only a few weeks with a few days of on-site assembly. However, the rigidity of the production process limits last-minute modifications, demanding detailed planning from the beginning, both in design and measurement calculations.
Additionally, you should consider an important factor. Unlike traditional construction, where the weight of the building is gradually transferred to the ground as the work progresses, prefabricated houses are placed in a few days, increasing the risk of errors in geotechnical forecasting and overlooking unexpected ground settlements that could lead to undesirable cracks or breakages.
Legal and Financial Considerations
First of all, it is necessary to differentiate whether the prefabricated house will be rooted to the ground through a foundation or if you prefer to opt for a house that can be moved in the future. In the first case, it is defined as real property and must follow legislative guidelines in the territory as if it were a conventional house. In the second case, as it is not anchored to the ground and has the possibility of being transported, it is defined as personal property, and in this case, you will need to inquire at the respective municipality to know if this type of housing is allowed according to territorial law.
The conditions for obtaining a mortgage, in case the prefabricated house you want to build has characteristics of real property, are the same as for a traditional house. The land must be urban, the house must be rooted to the ground through a foundation, and the project must be approved by an architect. In the case of a mobile home, it is likely to be more difficult to obtain a mortgage, although it is advisable to discuss it with your bank.
Conclusion
Before diving into the exciting world of prefabricated houses, it is crucial to understand their different types, advantages, and challenges. By doing so, you maximize the likelihood of making informed decisions and enjoying the benefits that these innovative constructions can offer.
This article is informative, so we always recommend consulting with a specialized architect in prefabricated houses before starting your project. This way, they can advise you more thoroughly and clarify any doubts you may have.
